学龄前儿童口腔中挥发性硫化物的检出情况及其相关因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671167X.2015.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的：了解学龄前儿童口腔中挥发性硫化物的检出情况，分析引起学龄前儿童口臭的主要相关因素，为儿童口臭和相关疾病的预防和治疗提供依据。方法：对北京市某幼儿园170名4~6岁学龄前儿童口腔中挥发性硫化物（volatile sulfur compounds，VSC）含量和口腔健康状况进行检查，对儿童家长进行问卷调查，挥发性硫化物的检测使用便携式气相色谱仪OralChromaTM。使用SPSS 13.0软件包，进行VSC与口腔健康状况和行为等的单因素和多因素分析。结果：单因素分析结果显示，检出口臭的儿童占全部受检人数的34.4%。女童口腔中硫化氢（hydrogen sulfide，H2S）［（1.59±2.41） ng/10 mL］和VSC总量［（2.14±4.42） ng/10 mL］高于男童(P<0.05)。舌苔指数高的儿童的H2S［舌苔面积(1.68±2.48） ng/10 mL，舌苔厚度(2.18±2.69) ng/10 mL)和VSC总量［舌苔面积(2.26±4.31) ng/10 mL，舌苔厚度(2.41±3.02) ng/10 mL］高于舌苔指数低的儿童(P<0.01)。简化软垢指数记分值≥2的位点数值与甲硫醇（methyl mercaptan，CH3SH）和二甲基硫［dimethyl sulfide，(CH3)2S］浓度呈正相关(P<0.01)；母亲受教育程度在本科及以上的儿童口腔中H2S值［（1.19±1.62）ng/10 mL］显著低于母亲教育程度在本科以下的儿童(P<0.01)；甜食进食频率高的儿童H2S浓度［（1.04±1.55） ng/10 mL］低于频率低的儿童(P<0.01)；有张口呼吸习惯的儿童CH3SH和(CH3)2S浓度［（0.29±1.92） ng/10 mL，（0.37±2.06） ng/10 mL］显著高于没有张口呼吸习惯的儿童(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素分析结果显示，舌苔指数高、母亲教育程度低的儿童VSC高于舌苔指数低和母亲教育程度高的儿童。结论：学龄前儿童口臭检出率高，性别、舌苔指数、软垢指数、母亲教育程度、甜食进食频率、张口呼吸等因素是儿童口臭的相关影响因素，不同影响因素导致不同VSC成分的改变。

关键词: 口臭, 硫化合物, 舌苔, Logistic模型, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of volatile sulfur compounds(VSC) in oral cavity of preschool children, and to analyze related factors, thus to provide scientific basis for the prediction and treatment of halitosis. Methods:The VSC content (hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide) of 170 preschool children (4 to 6 years old) was detected by a portable gas chromatograph OralChromaTM. The status of the oral health was evaluated. The living habits and other aspects were obtained through questionnaires from the children’s parents. A soft package for social statistics version 13.0 (SPSS 13.0) was used in which univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were utilized to analyze the related factors of halitosis in children. Results:In the study, 34.4% of the total subjects had excessive VSC. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ［(1.59±2.41) ng/10 mL］ and total VSC concentration ［(2.14±4.42) ng/10 mL］ in the girls were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in the boys. The tongue coating score had a significant positive correlation with H2S ［tongue coating area (1.68±2.48) ng/10 mL，tongue coating thickness (2.18±2.69) ng/10 mL］ and total VSC concentration ［tongue coating area, (2.26±4.31) ng/10 mL，tongue coating thickness (2.41±3.02) ng/10 mL , P<0.01］. The site number of DIS≥2 had a significant positive correlation with methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) and dimethyl sulfide ［(CH3)2S］ concentration (P<0.01). The concentration of H2S ［(1.19±1.62) ng/10 mL］ in children, whose mother had a higher degree of education, was statistically lower (P<0.01). The children who took dessert or sweat drinks more frequently had lower H2S ［(1.04±1.55) ng/10 mL, P<0.05］ concentration, while CH3SH and (CH3)2S concentration ［(0.29±1.92) ng/10 mL, (0.37±2.06) ng/10 mL, P<0.05) were higher in the children with mouth breath habit. Conclusion:A high prevalence of halitosis was noted in preschool children. Gender, tongue coating index, debris index-simplified, status of the mother’s education, frequency of eating dessert or sweat drinks and dry mouth breath were related with halitosis of preschool children. The different related factors resulted in changes of each VSC concentration.

Key words: Halitosis, Sulfur compounds, Tongue coating, Logistic models, Child

中图分类号:

张群，刘雪楠，常青，敖霜，郑树国，徐韬. 学龄前儿童口腔中挥发性硫化物的检出情况及其相关因素[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2015, 47(6): 983-989.

ZHANG Qun, LIU Xue-nan, CHANG Qing, AO Shuang, ZHENG Shu-guo, XU Tao. Analysis of volatile sulfur compounds production of oral cavity in preschool children and influencing factors[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2015, 47(6): 983-989.

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