关键词: 哮喘, 预防和控制, 儿童, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective：To assess the control level of 4-11 years old children with asthma and to explore the correlative factors affecting the control level of asthma. Methods: One cross-sectional study was conducted of the 4-11 years old children with asthma from Pediatrics Outpatient Department of Peking University Third Hospital from October 2013 to February 2014. According to asthma control test (ACT), the control levels of asthma children could be divided into three levels: fully controlled, partly controlled and non-controlled. The partly controlled group and the non-controlled group were merged into the non-full controlled group. Life quality was compared between the full controlled group and the non-full controlled group. The correlative factors affecting the controlled level of asthma were analyzed by Logistic regression. The correlative case information was collected and the data were entered with EpiData software and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. Results: Ninety asthma children were enrolled.The children from the full controlled group and the non-full controlled group accounted for 61.1% (55/90) and 38.9% (35/90), respectively. Life quality of the full controlled group was higher than that of the non-fully controlled group. There was no significant difference between the two groups on body mass index (BMI), education level of parents,  parents or relative smoking, times of respiratory tract infection within 3 months, using asthma control drugs within 4 weeks before seeing a doctor and regularly taking medicine according to the doctor’s advice (P＞0.05). The binary Logistic regression analysis obtained three correlative factors affecting the control level of asthma: non-regular follow-up (OR=8.364, 95%CI: 1.816-38.532, P＜0.05), being diagnosed with or suffering from allergic rhinitis (OR=6.728, 95%CI: 1.699-26.644, P＜0.05) and accompanying with other allergic diseases (OR=3.926, 95%CI: 1.210-12.744, P＜0.05). Conclusion: The results from the single center have shown that the asthma full-controlled rate of 4-11 years old children with asthma is not high. The higher control level, the better the life quality. Non-regular follow-up and being diagnosed with or suffering from allergic rhinitis are the correlative factors affecting the control level of 4-11 years old children with asthma. Meanwhile, accompanying with other allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and food allergy is the protective factor for asthma control. The data from the multi-center and further study will be needed to demonstrate the results of this study.

Key words: Asthma, Prevention and control, Child, Risk factors