兔食管良性环周狭窄模型的建立

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2026.02.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探索内镜下应用氩离子凝固术建立兔食管良性狭窄的方法，为后续研究食管狭窄的预防提供便捷、稳定的动物模型。方法: 雄性新西兰兔22只，完善X线下食管造影检查后随机分为3组，空白对照组(n=4)仅接受内镜下检查，实验Ⅰ组(n=9)和实验Ⅱ组(n=9)分别于内镜下应用30 W和50 W功率氩气刀对食管进行逐点、环周烧灼。术后第1、2、4周复查内镜，观察食管改变，并记录体重及精神状态。术后第4周完善X线下食管造影，测定食管狭窄处内径并计算狭窄指数；将所有实验动物处死后解剖获得食管标本，进行组织病理学检查并检测食管组织羟脯氨酸含量。结果: 空白对照组在实验后第4周时的体重较实验前明显增加[(4.13±0.25) kg vs. (3.10±0.39) kg，P < 0.05]，食管内径与实验前相比无明显变化[(12.89±0.83) mm vs. (12.83±1.07) mm，P＞0.05]。实验Ⅰ组在实验后第4周时与实验前相比，体重和食管内径均未见明显变化[(2.91±0.28) kg vs. (2.91±0.54) kg；(11.19±0.97) mm vs. (12.06±0.32) mm；P均＞0.05]；实验Ⅱ组在实验后第4周时与实验前相比，体重和食管内径均明显减小[(2.02±0.31) kg vs. (3.51±0.37) kg；(10.49±1.76) mm vs. (12.58±1.11) mm；P均＜0.05]。术后第4周的食管狭窄指数，实验Ⅱ组明显高于实验Ⅰ组(1.242±0.148 vs. 1.083±0.104，P＜0.05)。组织病理学评分和羟脯氨酸含量，实验Ⅰ组[2.55±0.52，(182.90±72.75) μg/g]和实验Ⅱ组[4.55±0.52，(210.81±54.28) μg/g]均较空白对照组[0，(91.37±29.74)μg/g]明显增加(P均＜0.05)。结论: 内镜下应用50 W功率氩气刀进行环周烧灼诱导雄性新西兰兔食管狭窄方法可行，深度可控，且可大量重复，该方案可为研究食管狭窄提供便捷、稳定的动物模型。

关键词: 食管狭窄, 动物模型, 氩离子凝固术, 食管镜

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the method of establishing benign esophageal stricture in rabbits by using argon plasma coagulation under endoscopy, and to provide a convenient and stable animal model for subsequent research on the prevention of esophageal stricture. Methods: Twenty-two male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups after completing esophageal radiography under X-ray. The blank control group (n=4) only received endoscopic examination. In the experimental group Ⅰ (n=9) and experimental group Ⅱ (n=9), argon knife was performed on the esophagus at 30 W and 50 W power, respectively, under endoscopy. Endoscopy was performed 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the operation to observe the changes in the esophagus, and the body weight and mental state were recorded. Four weeks after the operation, esophageal radiography under X-ray was performed to measure the inner diameter of the esophageal stricture and calculate the stricture index. All the experimental animals were sacrificed and esophageal specimens were obtained for histopathological examination and detection of hydroxyproline content in esophageal tissue. Results: In the blank control group, the body weight significantly increased 4 weeks after the operation compared with that before the operation [(4.13±0.25) kg vs. (3.10±0.39) kg, P < 0.05], and there was no significant change in the esophageal inner diameter [(12.89±0.83) mm vs. (12.83±1.07) mm, P>0.05]. In the experimental group Ⅰ, there was no significant change in the body weight and esophageal inner diameter 4 weeks after the operation compared with that before the operation [(2.91±0.28) kg vs. (2.91±0.54) kg; (11.19±0.97) mm vs. (12.06±0.32) mm; P>0.05]. In the experimental group Ⅱ, the body weight and esophageal inner diameter significantly decreased 4 weeks after the operation compared with that before the operation [(2.02±0.31) kg vs. (3.51±0.37) kg; (10.49±1.76) mm vs. (12.58±1.11) mm; P < 0.05]. The esophageal stricture index 4 weeks after the operation was significantly higher in the experimental group Ⅱ than in the experimental group Ⅰ (1.242±0.148 vs. 1.083±0.104, P < 0.05). The histopathological score and hydroxyproline content in the experimental group Ⅰ [2.55±0.52, (182.90±72.75) μg/g] and experimental group Ⅱ [4.55±0.52, (210.81±54.28) μg/g] were significantly higher than those in the blank control group [0, (91.37±29.74) μg/g] (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The induction of esophageal stricture in male New Zealand rabbits using 50 W argon knife under endoscopic guidance is a feasible, depth-controllable, and reproducible method. This animal model provides a reliable platform for the development and evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies for esophageal stricture.

Key words: Esophageal stenosis, Animal models, Argon plasma coagulation, Esophagoscopy

中图分类号:

R571.1

孟伶宇, 黄永辉, 闫秀娥, 王迎春. 兔食管良性环周狭窄模型的建立[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 58(2): 380-387.

Lingyu MENG, Yonghui HUANG, Xiu'e YAN, Yingchun WANG. Establishment of rabbit model of benign circumferential esophageal stricture[J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2026, 58(2): 380-387.

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Damage category	Lesion degree	Score
Submucosal collagen deposition	No submucosal collagen deposition	0
	Mild (collagen deposition in submucosa < twice the thickness of muscularis mucosae)	1
	Severe (collagen deposition in submucosa＞twice the thickness of muscularis mucosae)	2
Mucosal muscularis injury	No	0
	Yes	1
Muscularis propria injury and collagen deposition	No	0
	Mild (collagen deposition around smooth muscle fibers)	1
	Severe (in addition to the above changes, some smooth muscle fibers are replaced by collagen)	2

Group	Before the operation		1 week after the operation		2 weeks after the operation		4 weeks after the operation
Group	n	Weight/kg	n	Weight/kg	n	Weight/kg	n	Weight/kg
Blank control group	4	3.10±0.39	4	3.25±0.34	4	3.48±0.33	4	4.13±0.25^*
Experimental group Ⅰ	9	2.91±0.54	9	2.52±0.59	8	2.72±0.54	8	2.91±0.28
Experimental group Ⅱ	9	3.51±0.37	9	2.90±0.35	8	2.62±0.37	7	2.02±0.31^*

Group	Esophageal inner diameter/mm		Stricture index
Group	Preoperative	4 weeks after operation	Stricture index
Blank control group	12.83±1.07	12.89±0.83	0.995±0.028
Experimental group Ⅰ	12.06±0.32	11.19±0.97	1.083±0.104
Experimental group Ⅱ	12.58±1.11	10.49±1.76^*	1.242±0.148^#△

Group	Pathology score	Hydroxyproline/(μg/g)
Blank control group (n=4)	0	91.37±29.74
Experimental group Ⅰ (n=9)	2.55±0.52^*	182.90±72.75^*
Experimental group Ⅱ (n=9)	4.55±0.52^*#	210.81±54.28^*

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