体外受精-胚胎移植辅助生殖技术对学龄前期儿童体格及智力发育的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：探讨体外受精胚胎移植（in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, IVF-ET）辅助生殖技术是否影响学龄前期儿童的体格及智力发育。方法：收集曾经IVF-ET技术助孕生产的学龄前期儿童50例（生产时足月及近足月，IVF-ET组），随机抽取出生情况、婚姻状况、家庭收入、父母文化程度等外在因素相匹配的同期自然受孕出生的儿童48例，采用回顾性队列研究比较两组儿童的体格发育及智力发育情况。结果：在语言测试中，IVF-ET组四项分测试成绩略高于自然受孕对照组，其中常识、词汇、类同词、理解分别较对照组高1.35、1.05、1.32、1.32，算术题成绩较对照组低1.21。对照组的语言总成绩较IVF-ET组高1.91分，但两组差异无统计学意义（P=0.153）。操作类题目中，IVFET组较对照组高5.5，其中迷津及几何图形分测试中，IVF-ET组分别比对照组高0.40、0.38分，而动物房、画图补缺及木块图案中，对照组比IVFET组分别高1.04、0.54、0.68分，两组操作测试总成绩差异无统计学意义（P=0.094）。总体测试成绩两组差异甚小，分别为115.8及114.6（P=0.104）。两组总成绩分等级比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。IVF-ET组与对照组儿童的身高在中等以上的比例分别为30%、31%，体重在中等以上的比例分别为30%、23%，IVF-ET组体重大者相对更多。两组儿童的体格生长发育差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：辅助生殖技术不会造成IVF-ET儿童的体格及智力发育迟缓，家长的重视及耐心的教育更能促进儿童生长发育。

关键词: 受精, 体外, 胚胎移植, 智力, 生长和发育, 儿童, 学龄前

Abstract: Objective： To study whether the assisted reproductive technology ［ in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET)］ has influence on the physical and intellectual development of the children at the preschool age. Methods: The study group included 50 IVF-ET children, and the control group was a match cohort of 48 children born after being naturally conceived. A matched retrospective cohort study was performed on physical and intellectual development of the two children groups. The control group was matched according to home economics situation, parents’ educational level, etc. Results:In the adjusted analysis, the differences of the physical and the intellectual development between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In the language test, the scores of the IVF-ET group was 1.35, 1.05, 1.32, 1.32 higher than those of the control group in the subject of general knowledge, words, synonyms, understanding ability. The IVF-ET group was 1.21 lower than that of the control group in the subject of arithmetics, 1.91 lower than that of the control group in the language subject, 5.5 higher than that of the control group in the operation subject, and 0.40, 0.38 higher than those of the control group in the subject of the maze and geometry. The scores of the control group were 1.04, 0.54, and 0.68 higher than those of the IVF-ET group in the animal house, drawing of vacancy, and block pattern, respectively. The final results of the IVF-ET group and the control group was 115.8 and 114.6, respectively. The ratio of the above medium height of the IVF-ET group and the control group was 30% and 31%, respectively. The ratio of the above medium weight was 30% and 23%, respectively. The IVF-ET group was a little fatter. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the body development. Conclusion: The assisted reproduction technology is not associated with poorer physical and intellectual development. The family pay more attention to the children may promote their development.

Key words: Fertilization in vitro, Embryo transfer, Intelligence, Growth and development, Child, preschool

左娜, 梁潇, 王义贤, 沈娟, 王晓莉, 王秀霞. 体外受精-胚胎移植辅助生殖技术对学龄前期儿童体格及智力发育的影响[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2014, 46(6): 931-935.

ZUO Na, LIANG Xiao, WANG Yi-Xian, SHEN Juan, WANG Xiao-Li, WANG Xiu-Xia. Influence of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer on the physical and intellectual development of the children at pre-school age[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2014, 46(6): 931-935.

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