锥形束CT对切牙管及其相对位置关系的测量分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671167X.2015.06.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的：应用锥形束CT（cone-beam computed tomography，CBCT）测量切牙管的相关参数，及切牙管与嵴顶、中切牙的相对位置关系，为临床前牙种植提供指导，希望能在前牙种植中规避损伤的风险，制定完善的种植计划。方法：选取129例种植患者的CBCT资料进行测量，分别截取切牙管矢状面、经切牙管长轴的冠状面、横断面的图片测量以下指标：低位矢径（Sda）、中位矢径（Sdb）、高位矢径（Sdc），并求得平均矢径（Sd），低位横径（Hda）、中位横径（Hdb）、高位横径（Hdc），并求得平均横径（Hd），长度（H），切牙管最低点唇侧骨厚度（Bt），与嵴顶距离（At），与中切牙的距离（Id）。根据患者性别、年龄进行分组，采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件进行统计学分析，以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果：总体Sd为(3.41±0.87) mm，Hd为(5.16±0.93) mm，两者间差异有统计学意义。H为(14.29±3.27) mm，Bt为(7.49±1.05) mm，At为(8.25±1.71) mm，Id为(2.71±0.89) mm。男、女平均Sd分别为(3.64±0.90) mm、(3.28±0.82) mm，P=0.017；Hd分别为(4.98±0.89) mm、(5.27±0.94) mm，P=0.081；平均H分别为(15.47±2.75) mm、(13.59±3.32) mm，P=0.001；平均Bt分别为(7.90±0.96) mm、(7.25±1.03) mm，P=0.001；平均At分别为(7.61±1.45) mm、(8.64±1.74) mm，P=0.001；平均Id分别为(2.71±0.87) mm、(2.72±0.91) mm，P=0.983。按照年龄分组，Sd各组间P=0.325，Hd各组间P=0.636，H各组间P=0.292，Bt各组间P=0.116，At各组间P=0.010，Id各组间P<0.001。结论：性别对切牙管的长度、唇侧骨厚度以及与嵴顶的位置关系是有影响的，年龄对于切牙管本身的参数没有影响，但是对于切牙管与嵴顶和中切牙的相对位置有一定影响；CBCT测量在种植设计中是非常有价值的。

关键词: 切牙管, 锥束计算机体层摄影术, 牙种植

Abstract:

Objective： To evaluate dimensions of the nasopalatine canal and the relationship between the canal and the central incisors, and the canal and the crest, by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: This study included 129 CBCTs, and the sagittal slices were used to measure the lower diameter (Sda), median diameter (Sdb), and higher diameter (Sdc), for calculating the average sagittal diameter (Sd); the coronal slices through canals were used to measure the lower diameter (Hda), median diameter (Hdb), and higher diameter (Hdc) for calculating the average horizontal diameter (Hd), length (H); the sagittal slices were used to measure the buccal bone thickness off the canal (Bt), and the distance to the crest off the lowest point (At), the horizontal slices were used to measure the distance between the canal and the central incisors (Id). These subjects were divided into two groups by gender; and divided into three groups by ages: (1) ≤30 years old, (2) 31-50 years old, and (3) ≥51 years old. SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The overall Sd was (3.41±0.87) mm, the Hd was (5.16±0.93) mm, and the difference was statistically significant. The H was (14.29±3.27) mm, the Bt was (7.49±1.05) mm, the At was (8.25±1.71) mm, and the Id was (2.71±0.89) mm. Of the male and female, the Sd were (3.64±0.90) mm and (3.28±0.82) mm, P=0.017; the Hd were (4.98±0.89) mm and (5.27±0.94) mm, P=0.081; the H were (15.47±2.75) mm and (13.59±3.32) mm, P=0.001; the Bt were (7.90±0.96) mm and (7.25±1.03) mm, P=0.001; the At were (7.41±1.86) mm and (8.44±1.90) mm, P=0.001; the Id were (2.71±0.87) mm and (2.72±0.91) mm, P=0.983. Among the groups, no statistically significant differences were detected of the Sd (P=0.325), of the Hd (P=0.636), of the H (P=0.292), and of the Bt (P=0.116); statistically significant differences were detected of the At (P=0.010), and of the Id (P<0.001). Conclusion: The nasopalatine canal anatomy is highly variable. Gender is related to the nasopalatine canal length, Bt width, and At distance. While age was related to At, and Id, but no effect on nasopalatine dimensions. The CBCT is a useful device for studying the nasopalatine canal in three dimensions, prior to dental implant placement.

Key words: Nasopalatine canal, Cone-beam computed tomography, Dental implant

中图分类号:

R782.12

王智，邹立东△. 锥形束CT对切牙管及其相对位置关系的测量分析[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2015, 47(6): 994-999.

WANG Zhi, ZOU Li-dong. Measurement and analysis of the nasopalatine canal and its relative position by cone-beam computed tomography[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2015, 47(6): 994-999.

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