β-磷酸三钙用于下颌第三磨牙拔除术后骨缺损修复的自身对照研究

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的:评价β-磷酸三钙在下颌第三磨牙拔除后牙槽窝内的成骨效果,同时评价其对于第二磨牙远中牙周的预后效果。方法:选择2017年2月至6月在北京大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科就诊的15例双侧下颌第三磨牙水平阻生需拔除的患者,拔牙同时随机选择在一侧拔牙窝内植入β-磷酸三钙(easy-graft ^TMCLASSIC)作为实验组,另一侧自然愈合作为对照组。在拔牙术后1 d及术后6个月拍摄锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography, CBCT), 比较试验组和对照组牙槽骨高度的变化,并利用MCTIPS软件计算形成新生骨的体积分数,术后6个月进行第二磨牙远中牙周探诊,记录远中颊侧探诊深度并进行统计学分析。结果:CBCT测量试验组新生骨体积分数为63.3%±2.2%, 对照组为50.1%±1.9%, 组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组牙槽骨高度变化量为(5.53±0.39) mm, 对照组牙槽骨高度变化量为(1.53±0.27) mm, 组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月,试验组第二磨牙远中颊角探诊深度为(3.0±0.7) mm,对照组为(6.6±0.8) mm,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用β-磷酸三钙进行下颌第三磨牙拔除术后骨缺损修复可以显著增加下颌第二磨牙远中牙槽骨高度,并能促进拔牙窝内新生骨的形成,降低第二磨牙远中牙周袋探诊深度,具有良好的临床效果。

关键词: 骨缺损, 锥形束CT, β-磷酸三钙

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the effect of bone defect regeneration and the periodontal status of the second molars after mandibular third molars extraction using β-tertiary calcium phosphate (β-TCP) in the test side compared with the spontaneously healed side. To the bone defect of mandibular second molars as a result of surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars is a common phenomenon, many research shows that the mandibular second molars alveolar bone regeneration was about 1.5 mm and the periodontal pocket >7 mm was greater than 43.3% after mandibular third molars extraction. There has been significant progress researches in the repair of bone defect after the third molar removal, and bone graft filling was one of the effective methods. The bone graft substitutes include autogenous bone, allograft bone, xenograft bone and synthetic bone. Methods: A split mouth, randomized clinical study was designed. Fifteen patients with mandibular third molars in the same jaw planned to be extracted were enrolled in the study. One of the sockets of each patient was randomly selected and filled with easy-graft ^TMCLASSIC (test group). The contralateral socket was left to heal spontaneously (control group). cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed the day after the extraction and after 6 months. The horizontal dimensional changes of the sockets were recorded. The newly formed bone volume in the bone was analyzed by CBCT, and the probing depth (PD) was recorded. Student’s t test was used to evaluate the difference between the two groups for each parameter, and the P value lower than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Fifteen patients (30 sockets) completed the flow-up, and all the 30 sockets healed uneventfully. After 6 months’ healing, the new bone volume fraction of the test group was 63.3%±2.2%, while the new bone volume fraction of the control group was 50.1%±1.9%. The vertical dimensional increment of the test group was (5.53±0.39) mm, while the vertical change of the control group was (1.53±0.27) mm. The distal buccal site PD of the second molar was (3.0±0.7) mm in the test group, and (6.5±0.8) mm in the control group. Statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups. Conclusion: The randomized controlled clinical trial showed that the application of β-TCP for bone defect repair after the mandibular third molars extraction resulted in more vertical bone regeneration and less probing depth when compared with what was spontaneously healed.

Key words: Bone defect repair, Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), β-tertiary calcium phosphate (β-TCP)

中图分类号:

R782.1

曹畅,王菲,王恩博,刘宇. β-磷酸三钙用于下颌第三磨牙拔除术后骨缺损修复的自身对照研究[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2020, 52(1): 97-102.

Chang CAO,Fei WANG,En-bo WANG,Yu LIU. Application of β-TCP for bone defect restore after the mandibular third molars extraction: A split-mouth clinical trial[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2020, 52(1): 97-102.

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