北京大学学报(医学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 921-927. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.05.018
GAO Wei-bo,SHI Mao-jing,ZHANG Hai-yan,WU Chun-bo(),ZHU Ji-hong
摘要:
目的: 探讨显著高铁蛋白血症(marked hyperferritinemia,MHF)与噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症(hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,HLH)患者的临床特征以及相关性。方法: 回顾性收集北京大学人民医院2017年1月至2018年9月急诊及住院的MHF患者的临床资料,包括患者一般资料,症状体征,血常规、生化、出凝血检测、血清铁蛋白检查,以及自然杀伤(natural killer, NK)细胞活性、可溶性白介素(interleukin, IL)-2受体、骨髓检查等。按是否诊断为HLH分为HLH组和非HLH组,按随访3个月结局分为死亡组与存活组,分别对各组进行比较分析。结果: 123例MHF患者平均年龄为(44.2±17.4)岁,男女比例为1.3 ∶1;常见病因为血液肿瘤、风湿免疫性疾病、铁超载、HLH。随着铁蛋白水平升高,HLH患者比例增加,铁蛋白在10 000~19 999、20 000~29 999、30 000~39 999、40 000~49 999、50 000 μg/L以上时,HLH占比分别为28.8%、40.0%、54.5%、50.0%、50.0%。HLH共46例(37.4%), 继发于肿瘤15例、风湿免疫性疾病14例、感染性疾病2例,不明原因15例。HLH组与非HLH组比较,两组间在年龄、性别、发热、意识障碍、初始铁蛋白、最高铁蛋白、血细胞改变、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase, AST)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)、直接胆红素(direct bilirubin DBIL)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 出凝血检测除纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen, Fib)外,差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05),在死亡率方面两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而在肝、脾、淋巴结肿大,白蛋白(albumin, ALB),Fib方面两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。死亡组与存活组比较,两组间在年龄,性别,发热,肝、脾、淋巴结肿大,初始铁蛋白,最高铁蛋白,中性粒细胞(neutrophil, Neu),血红蛋白(hemoglobin, Hb),ALT,AST,ALB,TG方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),出凝血检测除凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time, PT)外,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), HLH所占比例两组间差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在意识障碍、血小板计数(platelet, PLT)、PT、TBIL、DBIL方面两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论: 随着铁蛋白水平升高,HLH患者的比例随之增加,但是MHF对于HLH诊断不具有特异性。
中图分类号:
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