1990—2019年中国5~24岁人群伤害死亡率分析

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2022.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 分析1990—2019年中国5~24岁人群伤害死亡率情况，为预防伤害相关政策的制定提供理论依据。方法: 使用《2019全球疾病负担》报告提供的中国5~24岁人群伤害死亡数据，描述伤害死亡率在1990—2019年间的变化情况，并使用年龄-时期-队列模型分析道路交通伤害、溺水、自伤等原因导致死亡率变化的年龄、时期和队列效应。结果: 1990—2019年，中国5~24岁人群总体伤害死亡率从46.22[95%不确定性区间(uncertainty interval, UI)：40.88~52.12]/10万下降至20.36(95%UI：17.58~23.38)/10万，各亚组变化趋势与总体基本一致。溺水由该人群首位伤害死因下降为第二位，道路交通伤害则成为首位伤害死因，自伤处于伤害死因第三位。各亚组前三位死因与总体基本一致，但排序有所不同。年龄-时期-队列分析结果表明，道路交通伤害、溺水和自伤的死亡率均随着时期的推移和队列年份的增加而下降，其中道路交通伤害死亡风险随年龄增加先降低后升高，溺水死亡风险随年龄增加而降低，自伤死亡风险随年龄增加而升高。结论: 中国5~24岁人群伤害死亡情况在过去30年中整体得到改善，但具体原因导致的伤害死亡在不同亚组中表现有所差异。未来应针对不同亚组伤害的死亡特点，提出针对性政策和干预手段，减少儿童青少年伤害死亡率。

关键词: 儿童, 青少年, 伤害, 死亡率

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the mortality of injuries among children and adolescents aged 5 to 24 in China from 1990 to 2019, and to provide the theoretical basis for the formulation of policies related to injury prevention. Methods: The mortality data of children and adolescents aged 5 to 24 years in China between 1990 and 2019 were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019, and the change in mortality between 1990 and 2019 was described. Age-period-cohort analysis was utilized to determine the age effect, period effect and cohort effect for road injuries, drowning and self-harm. Results: Injury mortality of Chinese children and adolescents aged 5 to 24 years decreased from 46.22 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 40.88-52.12] per 100 000 to 20.36 (95%UI: 17.58-23.38) per 100 000 between 1990 and 2019. Sub-group analysis revealed a pattern that was basically consistent with the overall trend. From 1990 to 2019, drowning declined from the first leading cause of injury death among children and adolescents aged 5 to 24 years in China to the second while road injuries became the one which caused the most death among them, and self-harm was the third leading cause of injury death. The top three causes of injury death in each subgroup were basically the same as the overall, but the order was different in each subgroup. Age-period-cohort analysis showed that the death risk of road injuries, drowning, and self-harm all decreased with period and cohort. Aside from that, the death risk of road injuries showed a U-shape trend, which decreased at first but increased soon afterwards, with the increase of age, while the death risk of drowning decreased with age and the death risk of self-harm increased with age. Conclusion: In China, the injuries mortality among children and adolescents aged 5 to 24 years has decreased over the last three decades. However, specific cause-related injury deaths, manifested differently in different sub-groups. Targeted policies and intervention should be proposed to reduce the mortality of children and adolescents in accordance with the characteristics of injuries death in different genders and age groups.

Key words: Child, Adolescent, Injuries, Mortality

中图分类号:

R179

刘云飞,党佳佳,钟盼亮,马宁,师嫡,宋逸. 1990—2019年中国5~24岁人群伤害死亡率分析[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2022, 54(3): 498-504.

Yun-fei LIU,Jia-jia DANG,Pan-liang ZHONG,Ning MA,Di SHI,Yi SONG. Injury mortality among Chinese aged 5 to 24 years from 1990 to 2019[J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2022, 54(3): 498-504.

图/表 4

图1

图2

图3

图4

参考文献 25

1	The United Nations. Goal 4: Reduce child mortality[EB/OL]. (2008-05-20)[2021-10-09]. https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/childhealth.shtml.
2	The United Nations. Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages[EB/OL]. (2015-09-25)[2021-10-12]. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/health/.
3	World Health Organization. Children: Improving survival and well-being[EB/OL]. (2020-09-08)[2021-10-25]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/children-reducing-mortality.
4	World Health Organization. Adolescent and young adult health[EB/OL]. (2021-01-18)[2021-10-25]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescents-health-risks-and-solutions.
5	Unicef. Mortality among children, adolescents and youth aged 5-24[EB/OL]. (2020-09-17)[2021-10-09]. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/child-and-youth-mortality-age-5-24/.
6	叶鹏鹏, 金叶, 段蕾蕾. 不同儿童发展纲要时期下中国儿童伤害死亡率变化趋势[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2019, 40 (11): 1356- 1362. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.11.004
7	Vos T , Lim SS , Abbafati C , et al. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019[J]. Lancet, 2020, 396 (10258): 1204- 1222. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9
8	Rosenberg PS , Check DP , Anderson WF , et al. A web tool for age-period-cohort analysis of cancer incidence and mortality rates[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2014, 23 (11): 2296- 2302. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0300
9	Ward JL , Viner RM . The impact of income inequality and national wealth on child and adolescent mortality in low and middle-income countries[J]. BMC Public Health, 2017, 17 (1): 429. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4310-z
10	Bishai D , Quresh A , James P , et al. National road casualties and economic development[J]. Health Econ, 2006, 15 (1): 65- 81. doi: 10.1002/hec.1020
11	Miovsky M , Gavurova B , Ivankova V , et al. Fatal injuries and economic development in the population sample of Central and Eastern European Countries: The perspective of adolescents[J]. Int J Public Health, 2020, 65 (8): 1403- 1412. doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01449-5
12	Wang L , Ning P , Yin P , et al. Road traffic mortality in China: Analysis of national surveillance data from 2006 to 2016[J]. Lancet Public Health, 2019, 4 (5): e245- e255. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30057-X
13	World Health Organization. Road traffic injuries[EB/OL]. (2021-06-21)[2021-10-28]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries.
14	Simons A , Govender R , Saunders CJ , et al. Childhood vulnerability to drowning in the Western Cape, South Africa: Risk differences across age and sex[J]. Child Care Health Dev, 2020, 46 (5): 607- 616. doi: 10.1111/cch.12786
15	中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 国务院关于加强道路交通安全工作的意见[EB/OL]. (2012-07-27)[2022-03-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2012-07/27/content_4157.htm.
16	Wang L , Cheng X , Yin P , et al. Unintentional drowning mortality in China, 2006-2013[J]. Inj Prev, 2019, 25 (1): 47- 51. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042713
17	World Health Organization. Drowning[EB/OL]. (2021-04-27)[2021-10-28]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/drowning.
18	World Health Organization. Global report on drowning: Preventing a leading killer[EB/OL]. (2014-11-17)[2021-10-28]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/global-report-on-drowning-preventing-a-leading-killer.
19	刘辉. 我国儿童伤害主要发生原因及其预防措施的研究进展[J]. 职业与健康, 2021, 37 (8): 1141- 1143.1141-1143, 1148
20	李胜, 刘应焱, 王红英, 等. 2005—2019年中国溺水死亡现状及趋势分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48 (15): 2705- 2709.2705-2709, 2715
21	World Health Organization. Suicide[EB/OL]. (2021-06-17)[2021-10-28]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide.
22	Ho TC , Gifuni AJ , Gotlib IH . Psychobiological risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescence: A consideration of the role of puberty[J]. Mol Psychiatry, 2022, 27 (1): 606- 623. doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01171-5
23	中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 关于印发健康中国行动: 儿童青少年心理健康行动方案(2019—2022年)的通知[EB/OL]. (2019-12-27)[2022-03-21]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-12/27/content_5464437.htm.
24	徐荣彬, 温勃, 宋逸, 等. 1990—2016年中国青少年死亡率及主要死因变化[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2018, 52 (8): 802- 808. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.08.006
25	Alonge O , Hyder AA . Reducing the global burden of childhood unintentional injuries[J]. Arch Dis Child, 2014, 99 (1): 62- 69. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2013-304177

相关文章 15

[1]	王敏, 李倩. 青少年抑郁症患者心理弹性影响因素的路径分析[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(5): 809-814.
[2]	王裕新, 曹茹, 黄婧, Pitakchon Ponsawansong, Benjawan Tawatsupa, 潘小川, Tippawan Prapamontol, 李国星. 不同表观温度水平下大气细颗粒物暴露对人群非意外死亡的影响[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(5): 820-827.
[3]	赵双云, 邹思雨, 李雪莹, 沈丽娟, 周虹. 中文版口腔健康素养量表简版(HeLD-14)在学龄前儿童家长中应用的信度和效度评价[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(5): 828-832.
[4]	陈心心, 唐哲, 乔艳春, 荣文笙. 北京市密云区4岁儿童患龋状况及其与龋活跃性检测的相关性[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(5): 833-838.
[5]	岳芷涵,韩娜,鲍筝,吕瑾莨,周天一,计岳龙,王辉,刘珏,王海俊. 儿童早期体重指数轨迹与超重风险关联的前瞻性队列研究[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(3): 390-396.
[6]	费秀文,刘斯,汪波,董爱梅. 成人及儿童组织坏死性淋巴结炎临床特征及治疗[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(3): 533-540.
[7]	沈鹤军,侍崇艳,郑清,黄玉,景涛. 我国高中生静坐时长与健康素养现状及其影响因素调查[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(2): 239-246.
[8]	俞光岩. 儿童唾液腺疾病[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2024, 56(1): 1-3.
[9]	闫晓晋,刘云飞,马宁,党佳佳,张京舒,钟盼亮,胡佩瑾,宋逸,马军. 《中国儿童发展纲要(2011-2020年)》实施期间中小学生营养不良率变化及其政策效应分析[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(4): 593-599.
[10]	弭小艺,侯杉杉,付子苑,周末,李昕璇,孟召学,蒋华芳,周虹. 中文版童年不良经历问卷在学龄前儿童父母中应用的信效度评价[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(3): 408-414.
[11]	崔孟杰,马奇,陈曼曼,马涛,王鑫鑫,刘婕妤,张奕,陈力,蒋家诺,袁雯,郭桐君,董彦会,马军,星一. 不同生长模式与7~17岁儿童青少年代谢综合征的关系[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(3): 415-420.
[12]	党佳佳,蔡珊,钟盼亮,王雅琪,刘云飞,师嫡,陈子玥,张依航,胡佩瑾,李晶,马军,宋逸. 室外夜间人工光暴露与中国9~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖的关联[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(3): 421-428.
[13]	陈敬,肖伍才,单蕊,宋洁云,刘峥. DRD2基因rs2587552多态性对儿童肥胖干预效果的影响：一项前瞻性、平行对照试验[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(3): 436-441.
[14]	郑丹枫,李君禹,李佳曦,张英爽,钟延丰,于淼. 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸椎旁肌的病理特征[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(2): 283-291.
[15]	赵亚楠,范慧芸,王翔宇,罗雅楠,张嵘,郑晓瑛. 孤独症患者过早死亡风险及死亡原因[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2023, 55(2): 375-383.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed